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clostridium perfringens strains  (ATCC)


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    Structured Review

    ATCC clostridium perfringens strains
    Baseline biofilm formation of <t>Clostridium</t> <t>perfringens</t> clinical isolates. Biofilm biomass was quantified by crystal violet staining followed by the absorbance measurement at optical density 570 (OD 570 ) after 24-hour incubation under static anaerobic conditions (n = 4 replicates per isolate) (A) without glucose supplementation (B) with 1% glucose supplementation. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and considered significant at P < 0.05. Values (Mean ± SEM) without a common letter were significantly different between the isolates. Optical density cut-off (OD C ) was calculated by adding the mean OD 570 value of the medium BYC/ST with 3x Standard Deviation (SD) (0.10). Isolates with OD 570 values less than 2xOD C (0.2) were classified as weak biofilm formers (all isolates inside red-dotted box: <t>M45,</t> <t>M62,</t> M67, M70, M71, M76, M77, CP15, SM101), OD 570 values between 2 - 4xOD C (0.2-0.8) were classified as moderate biofilm formers (all isolates inside black-dotted box: M47, M58, M59, <t>M61,</t> M64, M65, M68, <t>TpeL17,</t> <t>Del1,</t> ATCC), and OD 570 values above 4xOD C (>0.8) were classified as strong biofilm formers (all isolates inside green-dotted box: <t>N79,</t> N80, <t>N82,</t> N83).
    Clostridium Perfringens Strains, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 96/100, based on 149 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/clostridium+perfringens+strains/Clostridium+perfringens/pmc12874121-135-10-18
    Average 96 stars, based on 149 article reviews
    clostridium perfringens strains - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
    96/100 stars

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    1) Product Images from "Biofilm formation by clinical Clostridium perfringens isolates and its suppression by thymol"

    Article Title: Biofilm formation by clinical Clostridium perfringens isolates and its suppression by thymol

    Journal: Poultry Science

    doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106409

    Baseline biofilm formation of Clostridium perfringens clinical isolates. Biofilm biomass was quantified by crystal violet staining followed by the absorbance measurement at optical density 570 (OD 570 ) after 24-hour incubation under static anaerobic conditions (n = 4 replicates per isolate) (A) without glucose supplementation (B) with 1% glucose supplementation. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and considered significant at P < 0.05. Values (Mean ± SEM) without a common letter were significantly different between the isolates. Optical density cut-off (OD C ) was calculated by adding the mean OD 570 value of the medium BYC/ST with 3x Standard Deviation (SD) (0.10). Isolates with OD 570 values less than 2xOD C (0.2) were classified as weak biofilm formers (all isolates inside red-dotted box: M45, M62, M67, M70, M71, M76, M77, CP15, SM101), OD 570 values between 2 - 4xOD C (0.2-0.8) were classified as moderate biofilm formers (all isolates inside black-dotted box: M47, M58, M59, M61, M64, M65, M68, TpeL17, Del1, ATCC), and OD 570 values above 4xOD C (>0.8) were classified as strong biofilm formers (all isolates inside green-dotted box: N79, N80, N82, N83).
    Figure Legend Snippet: Baseline biofilm formation of Clostridium perfringens clinical isolates. Biofilm biomass was quantified by crystal violet staining followed by the absorbance measurement at optical density 570 (OD 570 ) after 24-hour incubation under static anaerobic conditions (n = 4 replicates per isolate) (A) without glucose supplementation (B) with 1% glucose supplementation. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and considered significant at P < 0.05. Values (Mean ± SEM) without a common letter were significantly different between the isolates. Optical density cut-off (OD C ) was calculated by adding the mean OD 570 value of the medium BYC/ST with 3x Standard Deviation (SD) (0.10). Isolates with OD 570 values less than 2xOD C (0.2) were classified as weak biofilm formers (all isolates inside red-dotted box: M45, M62, M67, M70, M71, M76, M77, CP15, SM101), OD 570 values between 2 - 4xOD C (0.2-0.8) were classified as moderate biofilm formers (all isolates inside black-dotted box: M47, M58, M59, M61, M64, M65, M68, TpeL17, Del1, ATCC), and OD 570 values above 4xOD C (>0.8) were classified as strong biofilm formers (all isolates inside green-dotted box: N79, N80, N82, N83).

    Techniques Used: Staining, Incubation, Standard Deviation

    Dose-dependent inhibition of planktonic growth and biofilm formation of Clostridium perfringens by thymol in the absence of glucose (A and B) and in the presence of 1% glucose (C and D) growth conditions. Planktonic growth of five C. perfringens isolates (Del1, TpeL17, M61, N79, and N82) following 24-hour incubation with thymol treatment (0-1600 µg/mL) in the absence of glucose (A) and in the presence of 1% glucose (C) was measured for absorbance at optical density 590 (OD 590 ) (n = 4 replicates per group). Biofilm biomass of the same isolates following 24-hour thymol incubation without glucose supplementation (B) or with 1% glucose supplementation (D) was quantified by 1% crystal violet staining and absorbance measured at optical density 570 (OD 570 ) (n = 4 replicates per group). Data were analyzed by Two-Way ANOVA (Isolate*Thymol concentration) and considered significant at P < 0.05. Values (Mean ± SEM) without a common letter were significantly different between the groups.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Dose-dependent inhibition of planktonic growth and biofilm formation of Clostridium perfringens by thymol in the absence of glucose (A and B) and in the presence of 1% glucose (C and D) growth conditions. Planktonic growth of five C. perfringens isolates (Del1, TpeL17, M61, N79, and N82) following 24-hour incubation with thymol treatment (0-1600 µg/mL) in the absence of glucose (A) and in the presence of 1% glucose (C) was measured for absorbance at optical density 590 (OD 590 ) (n = 4 replicates per group). Biofilm biomass of the same isolates following 24-hour thymol incubation without glucose supplementation (B) or with 1% glucose supplementation (D) was quantified by 1% crystal violet staining and absorbance measured at optical density 570 (OD 570 ) (n = 4 replicates per group). Data were analyzed by Two-Way ANOVA (Isolate*Thymol concentration) and considered significant at P < 0.05. Values (Mean ± SEM) without a common letter were significantly different between the groups.

    Techniques Used: Inhibition, Incubation, Staining, Concentration Assay

    Dose-dependent inactivation of biofilm viability and biofilm formation of Clostridium perfringens by thymol. (A) Resazurin reduction assay showing the effect of thymol inactivation of the matured biofilm after 72-hour culture of C. perfringens isolates: Del1, TpeL17, M45, M61, M62, N79, and N82 biofilm viability. Biofilms were treated with thymol at concentrations ranging from 6.25 to 1600 µg/mL for 3 hours, followed by resazurin incubation for 2 hours, and measurement of relative fluorescence unit (RFU) as an indicator of metabolic activity (n = 4 replicates per group). (B) Biofilm biomass of the same 72-hour-cultured isolates following identical thymol treatments for 3 hours, resazurin treatment for 2 hours, and 0.1% crystal violet staining and absorbance measured at optical density 570 (OD 570 ) (n = 4 replicates per group). Data were analyzed by Two-Way ANOVA (Isolate*Thymol concentration) and considered significant at P < 0.05. Values (Mean ± SEM) without a common letter were significantly different between the groups.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Dose-dependent inactivation of biofilm viability and biofilm formation of Clostridium perfringens by thymol. (A) Resazurin reduction assay showing the effect of thymol inactivation of the matured biofilm after 72-hour culture of C. perfringens isolates: Del1, TpeL17, M45, M61, M62, N79, and N82 biofilm viability. Biofilms were treated with thymol at concentrations ranging from 6.25 to 1600 µg/mL for 3 hours, followed by resazurin incubation for 2 hours, and measurement of relative fluorescence unit (RFU) as an indicator of metabolic activity (n = 4 replicates per group). (B) Biofilm biomass of the same 72-hour-cultured isolates following identical thymol treatments for 3 hours, resazurin treatment for 2 hours, and 0.1% crystal violet staining and absorbance measured at optical density 570 (OD 570 ) (n = 4 replicates per group). Data were analyzed by Two-Way ANOVA (Isolate*Thymol concentration) and considered significant at P < 0.05. Values (Mean ± SEM) without a common letter were significantly different between the groups.

    Techniques Used: Incubation, Fluorescence, Activity Assay, Cell Culture, Staining, Concentration Assay

    Motility test assessed for eight Clostridium perfringens strains (M45, M61, M62, N79, N82, ATCC, TpeL17, and Del1). Five microliters of overnight cultures were inoculated onto three types of 0.5% soft TSA agar plates: without dimethyl sulfoxide (no DMSO control), containing DMSO (vehicle control), or containing thymol (25 µg/mL dissolved in DMSO). After 48 hours of incubation, colonies were imaged, and bacterial halo areas were calculated to compare motility among treatments (n = 3 per group). Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA (strain × treatment) with significance set at P < 0.05. No significant interaction between strain and treatment, nor a main effect of treatment, was observed (P > 0.05). Values are pesented as mean ± SEM.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Motility test assessed for eight Clostridium perfringens strains (M45, M61, M62, N79, N82, ATCC, TpeL17, and Del1). Five microliters of overnight cultures were inoculated onto three types of 0.5% soft TSA agar plates: without dimethyl sulfoxide (no DMSO control), containing DMSO (vehicle control), or containing thymol (25 µg/mL dissolved in DMSO). After 48 hours of incubation, colonies were imaged, and bacterial halo areas were calculated to compare motility among treatments (n = 3 per group). Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA (strain × treatment) with significance set at P < 0.05. No significant interaction between strain and treatment, nor a main effect of treatment, was observed (P > 0.05). Values are pesented as mean ± SEM.

    Techniques Used: Control, Incubation

    Related Articles

    Staining:

    Article Title: Evaluation of candidate reference genes stability for gene expression analysis by reverse transcription qPCR in Clostridium perfringens.
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidate reference genes previously evaluated for C. difficile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13,124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Article Title: Evaluation of Candidate Reference Genes Stability for Gene Expression Analysis by Reverse Transcription QPCR in Clostridium Perfringens
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidatereference genes previously evaluated for C. di cile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Incubation:

    Article Title: Evaluation of candidate reference genes stability for gene expression analysis by reverse transcription qPCR in Clostridium perfringens.
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidate reference genes previously evaluated for C. difficile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13,124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Article Title: Evaluation of Candidate Reference Genes Stability for Gene Expression Analysis by Reverse Transcription QPCR in Clostridium Perfringens
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidatereference genes previously evaluated for C. di cile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Standard Deviation:

    Article Title: Evaluation of candidate reference genes stability for gene expression analysis by reverse transcription qPCR in Clostridium perfringens.
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidate reference genes previously evaluated for C. difficile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13,124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Article Title: Evaluation of Candidate Reference Genes Stability for Gene Expression Analysis by Reverse Transcription QPCR in Clostridium Perfringens
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidatereference genes previously evaluated for C. di cile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Inhibition:

    Article Title: Evaluation of candidate reference genes stability for gene expression analysis by reverse transcription qPCR in Clostridium perfringens.
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidate reference genes previously evaluated for C. difficile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13,124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Article Title: Evaluation of Candidate Reference Genes Stability for Gene Expression Analysis by Reverse Transcription QPCR in Clostridium Perfringens
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidatereference genes previously evaluated for C. di cile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Concentration Assay:

    Article Title: Evaluation of candidate reference genes stability for gene expression analysis by reverse transcription qPCR in Clostridium perfringens.
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidate reference genes previously evaluated for C. difficile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13,124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Article Title: Evaluation of Candidate Reference Genes Stability for Gene Expression Analysis by Reverse Transcription QPCR in Clostridium Perfringens
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidatereference genes previously evaluated for C. di cile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Fluorescence:

    Article Title: Evaluation of candidate reference genes stability for gene expression analysis by reverse transcription qPCR in Clostridium perfringens.
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidate reference genes previously evaluated for C. difficile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13,124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Article Title: Evaluation of Candidate Reference Genes Stability for Gene Expression Analysis by Reverse Transcription QPCR in Clostridium Perfringens
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidatereference genes previously evaluated for C. di cile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Activity Assay:

    Article Title: Evaluation of candidate reference genes stability for gene expression analysis by reverse transcription qPCR in Clostridium perfringens.
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidate reference genes previously evaluated for C. difficile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13,124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Article Title: Evaluation of Candidate Reference Genes Stability for Gene Expression Analysis by Reverse Transcription QPCR in Clostridium Perfringens
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidatereference genes previously evaluated for C. di cile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Cell Culture:

    Article Title: Evaluation of candidate reference genes stability for gene expression analysis by reverse transcription qPCR in Clostridium perfringens.
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidate reference genes previously evaluated for C. difficile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13,124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Article Title: Evaluation of Candidate Reference Genes Stability for Gene Expression Analysis by Reverse Transcription QPCR in Clostridium Perfringens
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidatereference genes previously evaluated for C. di cile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Control:

    Article Title: Evaluation of candidate reference genes stability for gene expression analysis by reverse transcription qPCR in Clostridium perfringens.
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidate reference genes previously evaluated for C. difficile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13,124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Article Title: Evaluation of Candidate Reference Genes Stability for Gene Expression Analysis by Reverse Transcription QPCR in Clostridium Perfringens
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidatereference genes previously evaluated for C. di cile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Expressing:

    Article Title: Evaluation of candidate reference genes stability for gene expression analysis by reverse transcription qPCR in Clostridium perfringens.
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidate reference genes previously evaluated for C. difficile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13,124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Article Title: Evaluation of Candidate Reference Genes Stability for Gene Expression Analysis by Reverse Transcription QPCR in Clostridium Perfringens
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidatereference genes previously evaluated for C. di cile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Functional Assay:

    Article Title: Evaluation of candidate reference genes stability for gene expression analysis by reverse transcription qPCR in Clostridium perfringens.
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidate reference genes previously evaluated for C. difficile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13,124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Article Title: Evaluation of Candidate Reference Genes Stability for Gene Expression Analysis by Reverse Transcription QPCR in Clostridium Perfringens
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidatereference genes previously evaluated for C. di cile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Amplification:

    Article Title: Evaluation of candidate reference genes stability for gene expression analysis by reverse transcription qPCR in Clostridium perfringens.
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidate reference genes previously evaluated for C. difficile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13,124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Article Title: Evaluation of Candidate Reference Genes Stability for Gene Expression Analysis by Reverse Transcription QPCR in Clostridium Perfringens
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidatereference genes previously evaluated for C. di cile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Sequencing:

    Article Title: Evaluation of candidate reference genes stability for gene expression analysis by reverse transcription qPCR in Clostridium perfringens.
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidate reference genes previously evaluated for C. difficile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13,124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.

    Article Title: Evaluation of Candidate Reference Genes Stability for Gene Expression Analysis by Reverse Transcription QPCR in Clostridium Perfringens
    Article Snippet: DNA sequences for eight candidatereference genes previously evaluated for C. di cile (adk, gyrA, rho, rpsJ, tpiA, gluD (gdhA in C. perfringens), rpoA, rrs)10 were acquired from NCBI for four Clostridium perfringens strains (ATCC 13124, strain 13, EHE-NE18, and SM101) and aligned in MegAlignPro in order to identify highly (100%) conserved areas suitable for primer design.



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    Baseline biofilm formation of <t>Clostridium</t> <t>perfringens</t> clinical isolates. Biofilm biomass was quantified by crystal violet staining followed by the absorbance measurement at optical density 570 (OD 570 ) after 24-hour incubation under static anaerobic conditions (n = 4 replicates per isolate) (A) without glucose supplementation (B) with 1% glucose supplementation. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and considered significant at P < 0.05. Values (Mean ± SEM) without a common letter were significantly different between the isolates. Optical density cut-off (OD C ) was calculated by adding the mean OD 570 value of the medium BYC/ST with 3x Standard Deviation (SD) (0.10). Isolates with OD 570 values less than 2xOD C (0.2) were classified as weak biofilm formers (all isolates inside red-dotted box: <t>M45,</t> <t>M62,</t> M67, M70, M71, M76, M77, CP15, SM101), OD 570 values between 2 - 4xOD C (0.2-0.8) were classified as moderate biofilm formers (all isolates inside black-dotted box: M47, M58, M59, <t>M61,</t> M64, M65, M68, <t>TpeL17,</t> <t>Del1,</t> ATCC), and OD 570 values above 4xOD C (>0.8) were classified as strong biofilm formers (all isolates inside green-dotted box: <t>N79,</t> N80, <t>N82,</t> N83).
    Clostridium Perfringens Atcc 13124, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 97/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    ATCC reference strain clostridium perfringens atcc 13124
    Baseline biofilm formation of <t>Clostridium</t> <t>perfringens</t> clinical isolates. Biofilm biomass was quantified by crystal violet staining followed by the absorbance measurement at optical density 570 (OD 570 ) after 24-hour incubation under static anaerobic conditions (n = 4 replicates per isolate) (A) without glucose supplementation (B) with 1% glucose supplementation. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and considered significant at P < 0.05. Values (Mean ± SEM) without a common letter were significantly different between the isolates. Optical density cut-off (OD C ) was calculated by adding the mean OD 570 value of the medium BYC/ST with 3x Standard Deviation (SD) (0.10). Isolates with OD 570 values less than 2xOD C (0.2) were classified as weak biofilm formers (all isolates inside red-dotted box: <t>M45,</t> <t>M62,</t> M67, M70, M71, M76, M77, CP15, SM101), OD 570 values between 2 - 4xOD C (0.2-0.8) were classified as moderate biofilm formers (all isolates inside black-dotted box: M47, M58, M59, <t>M61,</t> M64, M65, M68, <t>TpeL17,</t> <t>Del1,</t> ATCC), and OD 570 values above 4xOD C (>0.8) were classified as strong biofilm formers (all isolates inside green-dotted box: <t>N79,</t> N80, <t>N82,</t> N83).
    Reference Strain Clostridium Perfringens Atcc 13124, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 96/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/clostridium+perfringens+strains/Clostridium+perfringens/pm41792614-105-6-10
    Average 96 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    reference strain clostridium perfringens atcc 13124 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
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    ATCC atcc 13124
    Baseline biofilm formation of <t>Clostridium</t> <t>perfringens</t> clinical isolates. Biofilm biomass was quantified by crystal violet staining followed by the absorbance measurement at optical density 570 (OD 570 ) after 24-hour incubation under static anaerobic conditions (n = 4 replicates per isolate) (A) without glucose supplementation (B) with 1% glucose supplementation. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and considered significant at P < 0.05. Values (Mean ± SEM) without a common letter were significantly different between the isolates. Optical density cut-off (OD C ) was calculated by adding the mean OD 570 value of the medium BYC/ST with 3x Standard Deviation (SD) (0.10). Isolates with OD 570 values less than 2xOD C (0.2) were classified as weak biofilm formers (all isolates inside red-dotted box: <t>M45,</t> <t>M62,</t> M67, M70, M71, M76, M77, CP15, SM101), OD 570 values between 2 - 4xOD C (0.2-0.8) were classified as moderate biofilm formers (all isolates inside black-dotted box: M47, M58, M59, <t>M61,</t> M64, M65, M68, <t>TpeL17,</t> <t>Del1,</t> ATCC), and OD 570 values above 4xOD C (>0.8) were classified as strong biofilm formers (all isolates inside green-dotted box: <t>N79,</t> N80, <t>N82,</t> N83).
    Atcc 13124, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 97/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    ATCC c perfringens atcc 13124
    Baseline biofilm formation of <t>Clostridium</t> <t>perfringens</t> clinical isolates. Biofilm biomass was quantified by crystal violet staining followed by the absorbance measurement at optical density 570 (OD 570 ) after 24-hour incubation under static anaerobic conditions (n = 4 replicates per isolate) (A) without glucose supplementation (B) with 1% glucose supplementation. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and considered significant at P < 0.05. Values (Mean ± SEM) without a common letter were significantly different between the isolates. Optical density cut-off (OD C ) was calculated by adding the mean OD 570 value of the medium BYC/ST with 3x Standard Deviation (SD) (0.10). Isolates with OD 570 values less than 2xOD C (0.2) were classified as weak biofilm formers (all isolates inside red-dotted box: <t>M45,</t> <t>M62,</t> M67, M70, M71, M76, M77, CP15, SM101), OD 570 values between 2 - 4xOD C (0.2-0.8) were classified as moderate biofilm formers (all isolates inside black-dotted box: M47, M58, M59, <t>M61,</t> M64, M65, M68, <t>TpeL17,</t> <t>Del1,</t> ATCC), and OD 570 values above 4xOD C (>0.8) were classified as strong biofilm formers (all isolates inside green-dotted box: <t>N79,</t> N80, <t>N82,</t> N83).
    C Perfringens Atcc 13124, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 97/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    Average 97 stars, based on 1 article reviews
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    ATCC atcc 13124 medh
    Baseline biofilm formation of <t>Clostridium</t> <t>perfringens</t> clinical isolates. Biofilm biomass was quantified by crystal violet staining followed by the absorbance measurement at optical density 570 (OD 570 ) after 24-hour incubation under static anaerobic conditions (n = 4 replicates per isolate) (A) without glucose supplementation (B) with 1% glucose supplementation. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and considered significant at P < 0.05. Values (Mean ± SEM) without a common letter were significantly different between the isolates. Optical density cut-off (OD C ) was calculated by adding the mean OD 570 value of the medium BYC/ST with 3x Standard Deviation (SD) (0.10). Isolates with OD 570 values less than 2xOD C (0.2) were classified as weak biofilm formers (all isolates inside red-dotted box: <t>M45,</t> <t>M62,</t> M67, M70, M71, M76, M77, CP15, SM101), OD 570 values between 2 - 4xOD C (0.2-0.8) were classified as moderate biofilm formers (all isolates inside black-dotted box: M47, M58, M59, <t>M61,</t> M64, M65, M68, <t>TpeL17,</t> <t>Del1,</t> ATCC), and OD 570 values above 4xOD C (>0.8) were classified as strong biofilm formers (all isolates inside green-dotted box: <t>N79,</t> N80, <t>N82,</t> N83).
    Atcc 13124 Medh, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 97/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/clostridium+perfringens+strains/Clostridium+perfringens%3B+Strain+S+107/us12534710-275-76-76
    Average 97 stars, based on 1 article reviews
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    Baseline biofilm formation of Clostridium perfringens clinical isolates. Biofilm biomass was quantified by crystal violet staining followed by the absorbance measurement at optical density 570 (OD 570 ) after 24-hour incubation under static anaerobic conditions (n = 4 replicates per isolate) (A) without glucose supplementation (B) with 1% glucose supplementation. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and considered significant at P < 0.05. Values (Mean ± SEM) without a common letter were significantly different between the isolates. Optical density cut-off (OD C ) was calculated by adding the mean OD 570 value of the medium BYC/ST with 3x Standard Deviation (SD) (0.10). Isolates with OD 570 values less than 2xOD C (0.2) were classified as weak biofilm formers (all isolates inside red-dotted box: M45, M62, M67, M70, M71, M76, M77, CP15, SM101), OD 570 values between 2 - 4xOD C (0.2-0.8) were classified as moderate biofilm formers (all isolates inside black-dotted box: M47, M58, M59, M61, M64, M65, M68, TpeL17, Del1, ATCC), and OD 570 values above 4xOD C (>0.8) were classified as strong biofilm formers (all isolates inside green-dotted box: N79, N80, N82, N83).

    Journal: Poultry Science

    Article Title: Biofilm formation by clinical Clostridium perfringens isolates and its suppression by thymol

    doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106409

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Baseline biofilm formation of Clostridium perfringens clinical isolates. Biofilm biomass was quantified by crystal violet staining followed by the absorbance measurement at optical density 570 (OD 570 ) after 24-hour incubation under static anaerobic conditions (n = 4 replicates per isolate) (A) without glucose supplementation (B) with 1% glucose supplementation. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and considered significant at P < 0.05. Values (Mean ± SEM) without a common letter were significantly different between the isolates. Optical density cut-off (OD C ) was calculated by adding the mean OD 570 value of the medium BYC/ST with 3x Standard Deviation (SD) (0.10). Isolates with OD 570 values less than 2xOD C (0.2) were classified as weak biofilm formers (all isolates inside red-dotted box: M45, M62, M67, M70, M71, M76, M77, CP15, SM101), OD 570 values between 2 - 4xOD C (0.2-0.8) were classified as moderate biofilm formers (all isolates inside black-dotted box: M47, M58, M59, M61, M64, M65, M68, TpeL17, Del1, ATCC), and OD 570 values above 4xOD C (>0.8) were classified as strong biofilm formers (all isolates inside green-dotted box: N79, N80, N82, N83).

    Article Snippet: Fig 3 dummy alt text Motility test assessed for eight Clostridium perfringens strains (M45, M61, M62, N79, N82, ATCC, TpeL17, and Del1).

    Techniques: Staining, Incubation, Standard Deviation

    Dose-dependent inhibition of planktonic growth and biofilm formation of Clostridium perfringens by thymol in the absence of glucose (A and B) and in the presence of 1% glucose (C and D) growth conditions. Planktonic growth of five C. perfringens isolates (Del1, TpeL17, M61, N79, and N82) following 24-hour incubation with thymol treatment (0-1600 µg/mL) in the absence of glucose (A) and in the presence of 1% glucose (C) was measured for absorbance at optical density 590 (OD 590 ) (n = 4 replicates per group). Biofilm biomass of the same isolates following 24-hour thymol incubation without glucose supplementation (B) or with 1% glucose supplementation (D) was quantified by 1% crystal violet staining and absorbance measured at optical density 570 (OD 570 ) (n = 4 replicates per group). Data were analyzed by Two-Way ANOVA (Isolate*Thymol concentration) and considered significant at P < 0.05. Values (Mean ± SEM) without a common letter were significantly different between the groups.

    Journal: Poultry Science

    Article Title: Biofilm formation by clinical Clostridium perfringens isolates and its suppression by thymol

    doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106409

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Dose-dependent inhibition of planktonic growth and biofilm formation of Clostridium perfringens by thymol in the absence of glucose (A and B) and in the presence of 1% glucose (C and D) growth conditions. Planktonic growth of five C. perfringens isolates (Del1, TpeL17, M61, N79, and N82) following 24-hour incubation with thymol treatment (0-1600 µg/mL) in the absence of glucose (A) and in the presence of 1% glucose (C) was measured for absorbance at optical density 590 (OD 590 ) (n = 4 replicates per group). Biofilm biomass of the same isolates following 24-hour thymol incubation without glucose supplementation (B) or with 1% glucose supplementation (D) was quantified by 1% crystal violet staining and absorbance measured at optical density 570 (OD 570 ) (n = 4 replicates per group). Data were analyzed by Two-Way ANOVA (Isolate*Thymol concentration) and considered significant at P < 0.05. Values (Mean ± SEM) without a common letter were significantly different between the groups.

    Article Snippet: Fig 3 dummy alt text Motility test assessed for eight Clostridium perfringens strains (M45, M61, M62, N79, N82, ATCC, TpeL17, and Del1).

    Techniques: Inhibition, Incubation, Staining, Concentration Assay

    Dose-dependent inactivation of biofilm viability and biofilm formation of Clostridium perfringens by thymol. (A) Resazurin reduction assay showing the effect of thymol inactivation of the matured biofilm after 72-hour culture of C. perfringens isolates: Del1, TpeL17, M45, M61, M62, N79, and N82 biofilm viability. Biofilms were treated with thymol at concentrations ranging from 6.25 to 1600 µg/mL for 3 hours, followed by resazurin incubation for 2 hours, and measurement of relative fluorescence unit (RFU) as an indicator of metabolic activity (n = 4 replicates per group). (B) Biofilm biomass of the same 72-hour-cultured isolates following identical thymol treatments for 3 hours, resazurin treatment for 2 hours, and 0.1% crystal violet staining and absorbance measured at optical density 570 (OD 570 ) (n = 4 replicates per group). Data were analyzed by Two-Way ANOVA (Isolate*Thymol concentration) and considered significant at P < 0.05. Values (Mean ± SEM) without a common letter were significantly different between the groups.

    Journal: Poultry Science

    Article Title: Biofilm formation by clinical Clostridium perfringens isolates and its suppression by thymol

    doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106409

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Dose-dependent inactivation of biofilm viability and biofilm formation of Clostridium perfringens by thymol. (A) Resazurin reduction assay showing the effect of thymol inactivation of the matured biofilm after 72-hour culture of C. perfringens isolates: Del1, TpeL17, M45, M61, M62, N79, and N82 biofilm viability. Biofilms were treated with thymol at concentrations ranging from 6.25 to 1600 µg/mL for 3 hours, followed by resazurin incubation for 2 hours, and measurement of relative fluorescence unit (RFU) as an indicator of metabolic activity (n = 4 replicates per group). (B) Biofilm biomass of the same 72-hour-cultured isolates following identical thymol treatments for 3 hours, resazurin treatment for 2 hours, and 0.1% crystal violet staining and absorbance measured at optical density 570 (OD 570 ) (n = 4 replicates per group). Data were analyzed by Two-Way ANOVA (Isolate*Thymol concentration) and considered significant at P < 0.05. Values (Mean ± SEM) without a common letter were significantly different between the groups.

    Article Snippet: Fig 3 dummy alt text Motility test assessed for eight Clostridium perfringens strains (M45, M61, M62, N79, N82, ATCC, TpeL17, and Del1).

    Techniques: Incubation, Fluorescence, Activity Assay, Cell Culture, Staining, Concentration Assay

    Motility test assessed for eight Clostridium perfringens strains (M45, M61, M62, N79, N82, ATCC, TpeL17, and Del1). Five microliters of overnight cultures were inoculated onto three types of 0.5% soft TSA agar plates: without dimethyl sulfoxide (no DMSO control), containing DMSO (vehicle control), or containing thymol (25 µg/mL dissolved in DMSO). After 48 hours of incubation, colonies were imaged, and bacterial halo areas were calculated to compare motility among treatments (n = 3 per group). Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA (strain × treatment) with significance set at P < 0.05. No significant interaction between strain and treatment, nor a main effect of treatment, was observed (P > 0.05). Values are pesented as mean ± SEM.

    Journal: Poultry Science

    Article Title: Biofilm formation by clinical Clostridium perfringens isolates and its suppression by thymol

    doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106409

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Motility test assessed for eight Clostridium perfringens strains (M45, M61, M62, N79, N82, ATCC, TpeL17, and Del1). Five microliters of overnight cultures were inoculated onto three types of 0.5% soft TSA agar plates: without dimethyl sulfoxide (no DMSO control), containing DMSO (vehicle control), or containing thymol (25 µg/mL dissolved in DMSO). After 48 hours of incubation, colonies were imaged, and bacterial halo areas were calculated to compare motility among treatments (n = 3 per group). Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA (strain × treatment) with significance set at P < 0.05. No significant interaction between strain and treatment, nor a main effect of treatment, was observed (P > 0.05). Values are pesented as mean ± SEM.

    Article Snippet: Fig 3 dummy alt text Motility test assessed for eight Clostridium perfringens strains (M45, M61, M62, N79, N82, ATCC, TpeL17, and Del1).

    Techniques: Control, Incubation